If that was easy to know, there would probably be some competitor offering identical results, or even a free open source version
Doesn't look like regular deconvolution, as your input image is already a digital mess which should have lead to much worse artifacts.
I guess chances are good there's some neural networks involved.
Completely unrelated, but I also find it very interesting how much detail Nvidia can restore (or rather, guess) with their Deep Learning Super Sampling. It runs 3D computer applications at a low resolution and produces a much higher resolution image in real time so that the user/player can enjoy high framerate and visual fidelity.
It's pretty crazy how well it works. In this video the upper corner shows if you're looking at the low resolution version or the upscaled version or the one with DLSS. You usually can tell by the blurry image though